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tissues. Epithelial tissue.

tissue is called to the group of cells with a specific structure to perform a specialized function, vital for the body.

Group of cells, fibers and cell products forming a set number of structural and fulfilling the same function.

Rating:

According to its nature and function

differ in:

1 .- epithelial tissue.

epithelial tissue lining.
glandular epithelial tissue.
sensory epithelial tissue.

2 .- Connective tissue.

connective tissue itself.
specialized connective tissue:

bone tissue.
cartilage.
blood tissue.

3 .- muscle tissue.

striated muscle.
smooth muscle.
heart muscle.

4 .- Nervous tissue.

Epithelial Tissue:

The epithelium is the tissue formed by one or more layers of cells juxtaposed to form the inner lining of the cavities, hollow organs, ducts of the body and skin, and also are the mucous membranes and glands.

is that generally consists of polyhedral cells, juxtaposed, among which there is little intercellular substance.

Features:

consists of cells closely set together. With little or no intercellular substance. The cells are arranged in a single layer or multiple layers.

Structure:

- Cells:

flat cells
cubic cells
cylindrical cells.

Union means:

- Union Cement
- desmosomes
- Bands closing
- Unions close
- interdigitating membranes
- membrane folds
- Membrane basal

Polarity:

Each cell has three types of surfaces apical surface (free) a number variable side surfaces adjacent to neighboring cells and a basal surface attached to the basal layer.

Specializations epithelial cells:

• apical surface specializations:

- cilia: the airway epithelium and genital .

• striated ( microvilli ): intestinal epithelium.

• brush border: renal tubular epithelium.

embryonic epithelial tissue Source:

, originating from the three layers germ. Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm.

Ectoderm:

are derived from this:

surface of the skin epithelium.
sensory epithelium (nasal mucosa, retina, inner ear, taste buds).

Mesoderm:

are derived from this:

epithelium of the seminiferous tubules in the testes and ovaries germinal epithelium.
Endothelium of the heart and blood vessels.
pericardium (membrane that surrounds the heart), pleura (membrane covering the lungs and inside the chest) and peritoneum (lining of the abdominal organs and inside the abdomen).
brain membranes (meninges), inner ear, eye and genital tract.

Endoderm:

Epithelium of the digestive tract and accessory glands (liver, pancreas).
epithelium of the airways and lungs.

epithelia Rating:

Depending on the function of the epithelium:

- lining epithelium or squamous
- lar glandular epithelium.

Skin Glands

Depending on the shape of epithelial cells:

- squamous epithelium or squamous. Squamous cells are flat and similar to plates.
- cuboidal epithelium. cuboid cells are polygonal with
height and width similar.
- Epithelium prismatic or cylindrical. cylindrical cells are polygonal with greater height than width.

Depending on the number of layers of cells that form:

- simple epithelium. A single layer.
- stratified epithelium. Two or more cell layers.

• Epithelium pseudostratified :

are characterized by:
• All the cells rest on the sheet baseline.

• Not all extend to the surface.

• nuclei are at different depths .

epithelial tissue:

specific epithelial types.

• simple squamous epithelium:

• single layer of flat cells

• They act as a semipermeable barrier between compartments.

• Location:

• Blood vessels (endothelium).

• body cavities (mesothelium ).

• renal glomeruli.

• cuboidal epithelium:

• single layer of cuboidal cells or in a brick .

• Form the walls of the ducts.

• Carries secretion and excretion products.

• Location:

• kidney tubules.

• small gland ducts.

• Crystal (capsule).

• Epitelio cilíndrico simple:

• Capa única de células aproximadamente

cilíndricas.

• Superficies apicales (libres) pueden estar

cubiertas de cilios o microvellosidades .

• Join secretion, absorption and

propulsion of mucus.

• is a protective barrier.

Location:

• Stomach.

• small and large intestines.

• Uterus.

• Fallopian tube.

• Conductos grandes glandulares. Algunos conductos renales (papilares).

Epitelio cilíndrico seudoestratificado.

• Capa única de células de forma y altura variable.

• Los núcleos se ubican en diferentes niveles.

• cells often reach the surface are hair.

• Forms a protective barrier.

• Mobilization of mucus with cilia.

• Location:

• Epithelial airways.

• Male reproductive system.

• stratified squamous epithelium:

• can be:

• stratified squamous epithelium keratinized :

• Multiple layers of cells.

• surface cells are squamous dead and filled with keratin. Without core.

• Deeper layers have cells polygonal in progressive stages of keratinization .

• Location:

• Mainly in the skin.

• highly specialized forms a barrier against friction abrasion infection and water loss.

• stratified squamous epithelium not keratinized :

• is thinner.

• surface cells are flattened nucleated.

• is also called mucosa.

• Forms a protective barrier less resistant.

• Location: mouth, vagina, esophagus, anal canal, vocal cords.

cubic stratified epithelium:

• has two to three layers of cuboidal cells.

• is rare and scarce.

• Location:

• Of ducts some glands (salivary, sweat).

epithelium cylindrical stratified:

• Similar to the cubic layered.

• Its cells are cylindrical surface and may have cilia.

• Location:

• Of the ducts over

some large glands.

• Conjunctiva. (Eye membrane)

• respiratory surface of the epiglottis.

E pitelio Transitional:

• Also known as mixed or polymorphic.

• is considered as a variety of epithelial layered cylindrical.

• so named because the cells that make up undergo changes in shape and position, as the state of relaxation or contraction of the organ

lining.

• Forms the lining of most of the tracks urinary tract (renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, etc..).

glandular epithelial tissue:

Glands:

are single cells or groups of cells specialized for secretion. All glands arise in early development, from the lining or covering epithelium.

glandular epithelial tissue:

is characterized by the property they own their cells produce substances that pass then to the outside or the circulation, to be distributed throughout the body.

• Depending on the number of cells that compose it classified as: